Endocrine Abstracts

It’s crowded at the top of the academic pyramid. A large percentage of doctoral graduates and research staff will not gain tenure in academic research positions. Universities now provide career advice for graduate students and post-doctoral researchers, usually regarding careers outside of academia, be that in research or otherwise. What, then, for those of us that are still passionate about science and working within academia? A career in science administration may not b...

Cortisol is metabolised by two 11βHSD isoenzymes. Recently, we reported that 11βHSD1 and 11βHSD2 mRNA and protein are co-expressed in boar testis and throughout the male reproductive tract. However, enzyme activities were only detectable in boar testis, caput epididymidis, bulbourethral glands and penile urethra. The objective of the present study was to assess whether cortisol–cortisone metabolism in the boar testis and caput epididymidis could be regulate...

Equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) is not only essential for the maintenance of early equine pregnancy but is also used therapeutically for synchronisation of farm and laboratory animals. Currently it is extracted from serum of farmed pregnant mares. We have recently reported that under normoxic conditions, BMP4 treatment of equine trophoblast resulted in a dose, and developmental stage-dependent increase in total number of differentiated binucleate cells that secrete eCG. O...

Chorionic Gonadotrophin (CG) is secreted by both horse and human placenta and is critical to maintenance of early pregnancy. Production of CG is dependent on the differentiation of specialised CG-secreting cells, binucleate (horse) and syncytiotrophoblast (human). We recently showed the transcription factor Glial Cells Missing 1 (GCM1) is rapidly induced in vivo during differentiation of equine binucleate trophoblast. Studies in human syncytiotrophoblast have shown cAMP...

Equine Chorionic Gonadotrophin (eCG) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein produced by terminally differentiated, bi/multi-nucleate trophoblast cells in the placenta of horses and humans. It is responsible for the maintenance of early pregnancy via rescue of the corpus luteum and subsequently promotion of progesterone production. The beta subunit of eCG is expressed at levels ten-fold lower than that of the alpha subunit and confers the glycoproteins specificity to the placenta. Ver...

Placental chorionic gonadotrophin (CG) hormone secretion, critical for maintenance of early pregnancy, is dependent on differentiation of specialised CG-secreting binucleate trophoblast (horse) and syncytiotrophoblast (human). The most abundant genes expressed by binucleate cells are the α and β subunits of equine CG. We recently showed the transcription factor glial cells missing 1 (GCM1) is rapidly induced during differentiation of binucleate trophoblast and mRNA e...

Spermatozoa are dependent on the proximal epididymis environment to complete their maturation. However, no single specific factor crucial for this process has been identified. Rnase9 and Rnase10 are expressed specifically in the murine proximal epididymis. Located on chromosome 14C1 only 28 kb apart, they do not show high homology with each other. An orthologue of both genes exist in the rat and human, and ‘Train A’ (porcine orthologue) is the most abun...